Urubyiruko ku isi ruri mu byago bikomeye byo gupfa imburagiye bitewe ahanini n’inzoga, ibiyobyabwenge, kwiyahura ndetse n’impanuka. Ubushakashatsi bukaba bugaragaza ko ibi nibidafatirwa ingamba nk’ikibazo cyugarije isi, ejo hazaza h’abatuye isi hazaba hari mu kaga.
Ubushakashatsi bushya mpuzamahanga ku buzima bw’abatuye isi (Global burden of disease study 2025) bugaragaza ko urupfu rw’urubyiruko ruri hagati y’imyaka 10 na 24 rugenda rwiyongera ku rwego rw’isi, nubwo impfu muri rusange zigabanutse. Iyi raporo, yasohotse ku wa 12 Ukwakira 2025, yateguwe n’itsinda ry’abashakashatsi barenga 16,500 bakoresheje amakuru yaturutse mu bihugu n’uturere 204 byo ku isi.
Iyi nkuru dukesha ikinyamakuru The Lancet, ivuga ko ubushakashatsi bwakozwe hagamijwe kureba uko indwara n’impfu bigenda bihinduka ku isi.
Inzoga, kwiyahura n’impanuka mu byugarije urubyiruko
Raporo yerekanye ko mu gihe ubuzima muri rusange bw’abantu bwateye imbere, urubyiruko rwo hagati y’imyaka 10 na 24 ruri mu byago bikomeye bitewe n’inzoga, kwiyahura n’impanuka. Mu bihugu byinshi byateye imbere, cyane cyane mu majyaruguru y’Amerika, muri Amerika yo hagati n’iy’amajyepfo, urubyiruko rwinshi rukomeje gupfa kubera ikoreshwa ry’ibiyobyabwenge, ubusinzi ndetse n’ibibazo byo mu mutwe bititabwaho.
“Twabonye ko icyuho gikomeye kiri hagati y’iterambere ry’ubuvuzi ku isi n’ubuzima bw’abato,” bisobanurwa na Prof. Christopher Murray, umuyobozi wa Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation (IHME), urwego rukuriye ubu bushakashatsi.”
Yarakomeje ati”Urubyiruko ruri kugenda rwibagirana mu igenamigambi ry’ubuzima, kandi ibyo birateza ingaruka zikomeye ku mibereho y’ejo hazaza.”
Afurika yo munsi y’ubutayu bwa Sahara mu byugarijwe cyane
Mu bihugu byo munsi y’ubutayu bwa Sahara, impfu zituruka ku ndwara zandura, impanuka zidateguwe n’impfu z’ababyeyi bakiri bato ziracyari hejuru.
Abashakashatsi bavuga ko izo mpfu nyinshi zishobora gukumirwa hakoreshejwe uburezi bunoze ku bijyanye n’ubuzima bw’imyororokere, ubuvuzi bw’abangavu n’ingimbi, n’ubukangurambaga bwo kwirinda inzoga n’ibiyobyabwenge.
“Abakiri bato bagomba kubona ubufasha bunoze mu buvuzi bwabo. Niba tudahinduye imikorere, tuzabona urubyiruko rugenda rupfa impfu zishobora gukumirwa,” byatangajwe na Dr. Emmanuela Gakidou, umwe mu bagize itsinda ryakoze ubu bushakashatsi.
Imibare ishimangira ikibazo
Raporo igaragaza ko buri mwaka ku isi hose hapfa urubyiruko rugera kuri miliyoni 1.3. Mu myaka 30 ishize, impfu z’abantu bakuru zagabanutseho hafi 40%, ariko impfu z’abari hagati y’imyaka 10 na 24 ntizigeze zigabanuka ku rwego rwifuzwa. By’umwihariko, mu bihugu byifite, impfu zituruka ku kwiyahura n’ikoreshwa ry’inzoga zafashe indi ntera, naho mu bihugu bikiri mu nzira y’amajyambere hagaragara cyane ikibazo cy’impfu z’ababyeyi n’impanuka zo mu muhanda.
Gusaba ingamba nshya zo kurengera urubyiruko
Abashakashatsi basaba ko ibihugu byose byongera ishoramari mu buvuzi bwihariye bw’urubyiruko, bigashyiraho gahunda zo kubafasha guhangana n’ibibazo byo mu mutwe, kwirinda inzoga n’ibiyobyabwenge, no kubafasha kugira ubuzima buzima. Bavuga ko kurengera urubyiruko ari uguha isi ejo hazaza heza.
“Ibihugu bikwiye gufata ubuzima bw’urubyiruko nk’uburyo bwo gushora mu hazaza, kuko aribo mbaraga z’iterambere,” byagarutsweho na Prof. Murray.
Raporo ya Global burden of disease study 2025 isohotse mu gihe impfu z’urubyiruko zikomeje kwiyongera mu bihugu byinshi, ikaba isaba ubufatanye mpuzamahanga mu kurwanya ibi bibazo bishya by’ubuzima byugarije abato.
