Bamwe mu babyeyi usanga batabasha kwakira ko abana babo batsinzwe ikizami cya leta, bakababwira amagambo abahungabanya bikaba byaviramo abana gutsindwa burundu cyangwa se kwanga ishuri bidasubirwaho. Ariko buriya gutsindwa ni itangiriro ryo gutsinda, uwo mwana watsinzwe umwakiranye ubugwaneza nta kabuza ubutaha yatahana itsinzi.
Amanota y’ibizamini bya Leta y’abasoje amashuri yisumbuye 2024–2025 aherutse gutangazwa, agaragaza ko 89.1% by’abanyeshuri batsinze. Minisitiri w’Uburezi Joseph Nsengimana yasabye abatsinzwe kudafata gutsindwa nk’iherezo, ahubwo nk’amahirwe yo kongera kwiga neza, anasaba ababyeyi kubashyigikira aho kubashyiraho igitutu.
Mu buzima busanzwe, gutsindwa ni kimwe mu bintu bigora abana n’imiryango yabo kwakira. Iyo umwana atsinzwe ikizamini cya Leta, bikunda guteza agahinda, guhangayika ndetse rimwe na rimwe bikaba intandaro y’uko yacika intege cyangwa akagira ihungabana.
Bamwe mu babyeyi usanga batabasha kwakira ko umwana wabo yatsinzwe ngo bamube hafi bamuhumurize, ahubwo bakamuhungabanya bamubwira amagambo amukomeretse: “uri ikigoryi,” “ntuzigera ugira icyo ugeraho,” cyangwa “waraturumbiye”. Ayo magambo ashobora gusiga ibikomere mu mutima w’umwana bikamukurikirana mu buzima bwe bwose.
Abahanga mu mibanire n’imitekerereze y’abantu (psychologists) bagaragaza ko uburyo umubyeyi yitwara ku mwana watsinzwe bushobora kumuhindurira icyerekezo cy’ubuzima.
Ikigo American Psychological Association (APA) kivuga ko umubyeyi akwiye gufata gutsindwa nk’amahirwe yo kwigisha umwana indangagaciro yo kudacika intege, kwihangana no gushaka ibisubizo bishya.
Dr. Carol Dweck, umwarimu muri Stanford University mu Bwongereza, asobanura ko ababyeyi bakwiye gushishikariza abana babo kwiyumvamo “growth mindset” imyumvire yo kumva ko gutsindwa atari iherezo ahubwo ari intangiriro y’andi mahirwe yo kwiga.
Dore bimwe mubyo umubyeyi yakora igihe umwana we yatsinzwe
–Kugaragaza urukundo: Iyo umwana atsinzwe, ikintu cya mbere akeneye ni ukumenya ko akiri umwana ukundwa kandi w’ingenzi mu muryango. Umubyeyi agomba kumwereka ko umusaruro mubi atavuze ko nta gaciro afite.
-Kumva ibyiyumvo by’umwana: Kumva agahinda k’umwana, ukamureka akavuga uko yiyumva, ukirinda kumuca mu ijambo.
–Kumushishikariza kongera kugerageza: Inzobere mu burezi zivuga ko gutsindwa ari igice cy’inzira yo gutsinda. Umubyeyi akwiye gutera umwana umwete wo gusubira mu masomo cyangwa gushaka izindi nzira zizamuteza imbere.
-Kwirinda amagambo arimo guca intege: Amagambo mabi atera ihungabana. Ababyeyi bagomba gukoresha amagambo yubaka, nko kumubwira uti: “Nizeye ko uzatsinda ubutaha”, cyangwa “Ibikubayeho bigutere umwete wo kwiga cyane. Ubutaha uzatsinda.”.
Gushakira umwana ubufasha: Aho bikenewe, ababyeyi bashobora gushaka abarimu bamufasha, cyangwa bakamushakira inzobere mu myitwarire (counselors) zikamuganiriza.
Mu gusoza, twavuga ko atari iherezo mu bizami bya Leta cyangwa mu yandi masomo si iherezo ry’ubuzima. Umubyeyi iyo yitwaye neza, akerekana urukundo, icyizere n’ubufasha, ubutaha umwana ashobora gutsinda ndetse akitwara neza kurusha mbere.
