Musenyeri mukuru Desmond Tutu, watsindiye igihembo cy’amahoro cyitiriwe Nobel akanafasha gusoza ubutegetsi bw’ivanguramoko bwa ba nyamucye b’abazungu bwa apartheid muri Afurika y’epfo, yapfuye ku myaka 90.
Urupfu rwe rwemejwe mu itangazo ryasohowe na Perezida w’Afurika y’epfo Cyril Ramaphosa.
Yavuze ko bibaye “ikindi gice cyo gupfusha mu gusezera kw’igihugu cyacu ku gisekuru cy’Abanya-Afurika y’epfo b’indashyikirwa baturaze Afurika y’epfo ibohoye”.
BBC dukesha iyi nkuru yavuze ko Tutu yari umwe mu bantu bazwi cyane muri Afurika y’epfo no mu mahanga.
Yari amaze imyaka hafi makumyabiri arwaye kanseri (cancer) ya prostate. Asize umugore we Nomalizo Leah Tutu, abana bane n’abuzukuru barindwi.
Yari impirimbanyi iharanira imibereho myiza n’akaba n’uharanira uburenganzira bwa muntu wagize uruhare mu gutegura uburyo azashyingurwamo, avuga ko ashaka kuzashyingurwa ari ku cyumweru. Byitezwe ko uhereye uyu munsi abaje gutabara umuryango we batangira kugera mu rugo rwe i Cape Town.
Uyu wo mu gihe kimwe n’uwarwanyije bikomeye apartheid Nelson Mandela, yabaye umwe mu bagize uruhare rukomeye mu gusoza ubwo butegetsi bw’ivanguramoko n’iheza (guheza) ba nyamucye b’abazungu bakoreraga ba nyamwinshi b’abirabura muri Afurika y’epfo kuva mu 1948 kugeza mu 1991.
Mu 1984 yatsindiye igihembo cy’amahoro cyitiriwe Nobel kubera uruhare rwe mu guca ubutegetsi bwa apartheid.
Urupfu rwa Tutu rubaye hashize ukwezi Perezida wa nyuma w’Afurika y’epfo wo mu gihe cya apartheid, Frederik Willem de Klerk, apfuye ku myaka 85.
Perezida Ramaphosa yavuze ko Tutu yari “umuyobozi mu by’idini w’intangarugero, impirimbanyi yarwanyije apartheid ndetse n’uharanira uburenganzira bwa muntu ku isi”.
Yavuze ko yari umuntu “ukunda igihugu utagira uwo babinganya; umuyobozi ufite amahame agenderaho kandi ukora ibintu mu buryo burimo gushyira mu gaciro wahaye igisobanuro ibivugwa muri bibiliya ko ukwemera kutagira ibikorwa kuba kwarapfuye.
“Umugabo w’ubwenge budasanzwe, ubunyangamugayo no kudatsindwa n’imbaraga za apartheid, yari n’umuntu w’umutima woroshye mu kwishyira mu mwanya w’abakorerwa ikandamizwa, akarengane n’urugomo ku butegetsi bwa apartheid, n’abakandamijwe bakanapyinagazwa n’ubutegetsi bo ku isi”.
Umuryango witiriwe Nelson Mandela (Nelson Mandela Foundation) ni umwe mu bamuhaye icyubahiro, uvuga ko “umusanzu we mu ngamba zo kurwanya akarengane, hano [muri Afurika y’epfo] no ku isi, ungana gusa n’uburyo bwe bwo gutekereza byimbitse kuri ejo hazaza habohotse ha za sosiyete z’abantu”.
“Yari ikiremwamuntu kidasanzwe. Umuntu utekereza cyane. Umuyobozi. Umushumba [Umwungeri]”.
Tutu yari muntu ki?
Uyu abamukunda bahimbaga ‘The Arch’ (impine ya Archbishop, bivuze Musenyeri mukuru), Tutu yahitaga yiranga, mu makanzu ye y’idini yo mu ibara rya roza, uburyo yabaga yishimye n’ukuntu hafi buri gihe cyose yabaga amwenyura.
Ntiyagiraga ubwoba bwo kugaragaza imbamutima ze mu ruhame, harimo no guseka kwibukwa cyane hamwe no kubyina mu muhango wo gutangiza igikombe cy’isi cy’umupira w’amaguru cyabereye muri Afurika y’epfo mu 2010.
Nubwo yari icyamamare bwose, ntiyari umugabo ukunzwe na bose. Yanenze bikomeye leta yo mu gihe cya nyuma y’ubutegetsi bwa apartheid aho, rimwe na rimwe, yabonaga ko irimo kugaragaza ukutari ko Afurika y’epfo.
Mu 1960 yahawe ubupadiri mu idini ry’abangilikani, aza kuba musenyeri wa Lesotho kuva mu 1976 kugeza mu 1978, aba musenyeri wungirije wa Johannesburg ndetse aba n’umukuru wa paruwasi i Soweto. Mu 1985 yabaye Musenyeri wa Johannesburg, anagirwa Musenyeri mukuru wa mbere w’umwirabura wa Cape Town. Yakoresheje uwo mwanya we ukomeye mu kwamagana ikandamizwa ry’abaturage b’abirabura mu gihugu cye, buri gihe akavuga ko intego ze ari izo mu rwego rw’idini atari iza politiki.
Nyuma yuko mu 1994 Mandela abaye Perezida w’Afurika y’epfo wa mbere w’umwirabura, yagize Tutu umukuru w’akanama k’ukuri n’ubwiyunge kashyiriweho gukora iperereza ku byaha byakozwe n’impande zombi – abazungu n’abirabura – mu gihe cya apartheid.
Binavugwa ko ari we wahanze ijambo “Igihugu cy’Umukororombya” (Rainbow Nation), ashaka kuvuga uruhurirane rw’amoko muri Afurika y’epfo ya nyuma y’ubutegetsi bwa apartheid, ariko mu myaka ye ya nyuma yavuze ko yicuza ko iki gihugu kitunze ubumwe mu buryo nk’ubwo yari yarifuje mu nzozi ze.
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