Abanyamateko batandukanye bunganira abaregera indishyi mu rubanza rwa Laurent Bucyibaruta, nyuma yo kugaragagaza uruhare rwe muri Jenoside yakorewe Abatutsi muri Perefegitura ya Gikondoro yayoboraga, basabye Urukiko rwa Rubanda rw’i Paris kumuhamya ibyaha ashinjwa.
Urukiko rwa rubanda rw’i Paris mu Bufaransa kuri uyu wa kane rutangiye kumva abunganira abaregera indishyi batandukanye, batanga imyanzuro yabo mu rubanza rwa Laurent Bucyibaruta.
Umunyamategeko wabimburiye abandi ni Me Gille Paruelle, yatangiye yibutsa urukiko ko mu gihe rwatangiraga kuburanisha Laurent Bucyibaruta tariki ya 9 y’ukwezi kwa gatanu, ibihumbi n’ibihumbi by’abatutsi bari baramaze kwicwa mu Rwanda no muri perefegitura ya Gikongoro yayoborwaga na Bucyibaruta byumwihariko: Kibeho hagati ya tariki 14 na 15 mata, Murambi, Cyanika na Kaduha tariki 21 mata, abapadiri n’abafungwa muri gereza ya Gikongoro tariki 22 mata n’abanyeshuri bo murii Marie Merci i Kibeho tariki ya 7 gicurasi 1994.
Me Paruelle ati ‘Mu gihe cy’amezi abiri mumaze muburanisha urubanza abatutsi bagera kuri miliyoni bari baramaze kwicwa mu Rwanda. Uru rubanza rufite agaciro kanini nubwo rutigeze ruvugwa cyane mu itangazamakuru ry’u Bufaransa kimwe nuko mbere ya jenoside amazina nka Kibeho, Murambi,Cyanika na Kaduha atari yarigeze avugwa na gato mu itangazamakuru mpuzamahanga.”
Ntibyumvikana ukuntu Bucyibaruta avuga ko atari azi ko bariyeri zashyiriwe guhiga Abatutsi ngo bicwe
Yakomeje ati “Nubwo bimeze bitya ariko uru rubanza rufite agaciro kuko rubaye hagiye gushira imyaka hafi 30 abarokotse jenoside yakorewe abatutsi bategereje ubutabera, ubu mukaba muburanisha umuntu wari perefe abarokotse batizeraga ko azaburanishwa kubera ko yari yarahunze u Rwanda.”
Me Paruelle akomeje yerekana ko jenoside yakorewe abatutsi yatangiye tariki 7 mata 1994 yari yarateguwe ndetse inakorerwa igerageza mbere ya 1994 mu bice binyuranye birimo cyane cyane nka Bugesera iherereye mu birometero bike uvuye i Kigali.
Ati “Perefe mu Rwanda rwa 1994 yari umuntu ukomeye kandi ufite ububasha, yari nka perezida wa repubulika muri perefegitura ye kandi yaravugaga akumvwa, yari umuntu ufite icyubahiro kandi ugera hose ni yo mpamvu na Laurent Bucyibaruta yabashije kuva ku Gikongoro akajya i Kigali tariki 11 mata 1994 mu nama ya guverinoma mu gihe abandi baturage batagendaga.”
“Ndashaka rero kwibaza ibi bibazo. Ni gute nka Laurent Bucyibaruta yatubwira ko bariyeri zitari zigamije gufata abatutsi, ni gute twakwemera ibyo avuga ko atigeze abona abantu biciwe kuri izo bariyeri, ni gute twakwemera ibyo avuga ko ari kuri perefegitura atashoboraga kureba i Murambi ? ni gute twakwemera ko tariki 21 mata atashoboye kujya i Murambi ahantu hiciwe ibihumbi hafi 50 mu munsi umwe gusa? muraburanisha rero Bucyibaruta wabonye ibyo bihumbi n’ibihumbi by’abantu bicwa ku butaka yari abereye perefe.”
“Ni icyemezo mugiye gufata mu izina ry’u Bufaransa”
Me Paruelle akomeje asobanurira urukiko amateka asharira abaregera indishyi yunganira banyuzemo mu gihe cya jenoside uburyo biciwe abantu benshi nubwo barokotse bakaba bahorana ibikomere batewe n’ayo mateka, ati ‘ni mu izina ry’abo bose mbasaba kugaragaza ukuri, mu cyemezo muzafata muzatekereze abarokotse bategereje ubutabera.”
Nyuma ya Me Paruelle ubu urukiko rutangiye kumva Me Antonin Gavellin umunyamategeko wa FIDH (Federation for Human Rights).
Ati “Banyakubahwa icyemezo mugiye gufata cyo kugaragaza ko Laurent Bucyibaruta ahamwa n’ibyo aregwa cyangwa ari umwere ni icyemezo mugiye gufata mu izina ry’u Bufaransa. Muzagaragaza ko u Bufaransa budashobora kuba ubuhungiro bw’abantu bahungabanya uburenganzira mpuzamahanga bwa muntu, icyemezo cyanyu kigomba kwereka abantu bakora ibyaha byo guhungabanya uburenganzira mpuzamahanga ko no mu Bufaransa bazakurikiranwa kandi bagahanirwa ibyo bakoze.
Mugiye gufata icyemezo ku byaha biregwa Bucyibaruta kikaba ari cyo cyaha kiremereye kurusha ibindi byose mu mategeko yacu hano mu Bufaransa.
Hari ikintu nshaka kubabwira tumvise cyane muri uru rubanza ko abategertsi ntacyo bari bashoboye gukora ko hari ‘chaos total’ ndagirango mbabwire ko ibyo atari byo na gato. Muri kiriya gihe cya jenoside ubutegetsi bwarakoraga hari bus za ONATRACOM zatwaraga abajya kwica, hari za katerepulari zakoreshwaga mu gucukura ibyobo byatabwagamo abatutsi bishwe, si ibyo gusa kandi kuko izo katerepulari zanakoreshejwe mu gusenyera za kiliziya ku batutsi, abajandarume bari ahantu hose, kuvuga ko abategetsi ntacyo bari bashoboye rero si byo na gato.
Hari abafungwa bagiye bajyanwa mu guhamba abatutsi bishwe, ibyo byakorwaga n’abategetsi, hari gagunda yiswe ‘auto defense civile ‘yarii igamije guha intwaro abahutu ngo bakomeze umugambi wo kwica. Si byo na gato kuvuga ko iyicwa rya perezida ari ryo ryatumye abaturage barakara bakica bagenzi babo bari baturanye. Banyakubahwa ntabwo iyicwa ry’abatutsi ari ikintu cyaturutse mu kirere, ni ikintu cyateguwe neza n’ubutegetsi, icyemezo mugiye gufata muragifata mu izina ry’u Bufaransa kandi no mu izina ry’ubumuntu(humanité).
Hakurikiyeho avocat uhagarariye umuryango mpuzamahanga urwanya ivangura ry’amoko ( ligue internationale contre le racisme et l’antisemitisme LICRA).
“Bucyibaruta arahamwa n’ibyaha akurikiranwaho”
Ati “Muri jenoside yakorewe abatutsi mu Rwanda tuzi abantu bagiye baba intwari bakarwana ku bicwaga, muri abo nababwira gusa nk’uwitwa Gisimba warwanye ku bantu benshi n’imfubyi mu mujyi wa Kigali. Ba nyakubahwa ntabwo ibyo dushinja Bucyibaruta ari ukuba atarabaye intwari nk’abo ngabo, ntabwo twamusaba ngo nawe abe yarabaye nk’abo mu Rwanda bita abarinzi b’igihango kubera ibikorwa by’indashyikirwa bakoze, Bucyibaruta arashinjwa kuba ntacyo yakoze nk’umuyobozi ngo arengere abicwaga kandi yari ashinzwe nk’umuyobozi ibyo nibyo mu gifaransa twita ‘complicité par abstention’.
Bucyibaruta arahamwa n’ibyaha akurikiranwaho kubera ko ntacyo yakoze kandi yaramenye ibyategurwaga, yarabonaga abantu bari mu kaga ariko ntagire igikorwa gifataka akora ngo abatabarize be kwicwa, icyo ni cyo twita ‘lacheté coupable’.
Iyo Bucyibaruta avuga ko yari afite ubwoba bw’uko na we yakwicwa ibyo si byo na gato ntabwo yigeze abagaragariza neza uburyo icyemezo yari gufata cyari gutuma yicwa. Muraburanisha umuntu ushinjwa icyaha cyatumye hicwa abantu barenga miliyoni, mutekereze aho mwicaye aha amasura arenga milioni! milioni yose yicwa mu gihe cy’amezi atatu gusa. Icyi si icyaha kireba u Rwanda gusa, igihugu gito muri afurika, ni icyaha kireba inyoko muntu yose uko yakabaye n’u Bufaransa aburimo.
Hakurikiyeho umunyamategeko Rachel Lindon wunganira umuryango Ibuka. Atangiye abwira urukiko ko jenoside zose uko zakabaye zigira icyo zuhuriraho ariko ziba zarateguwe kugirango zishoboke.
Ati “Muri jenoside yakorewe abatutsi intambara yatangijwe na FPR tariki ya 1 ukwakira 1990 yabaye urwitwazo. Hari abanenga urubanza nk’uru bakavuga ko urubanza nk’uru ari nko kibasira igice kimwe cyatsinzwe intambara mu Rwanda, oya ibyo si byo na gato, muraburanisha uru rubanza kandi ntabwo muri abakozi b’u Rwanda, murabikora kubera ubutabera mpuzamahanga.
Ubuhamya mwumvise muri uru rubanza ni ubw’abantu bagiriwe akarengane katavugwa muri jenoside yakorewe abatutsi kandi abo bantu barenganye harimo nka Ministre Jean Damascene Bizimana mwumvise hano wiciwe abantu 84 mu muryango we,ntabwo bakwifuza na gato ko hagira undi muntu warengana. Abarokotse ntibashobora kunamira ababo no kubibuka uko bikwiye ukuri kutagaragajwe ngo bahabwe ubutabera, ni byo abarokotse ntibazongera kubona ababo ariko nibura bazagira icyizere cy’uko ibyabaye bidashobora kongera kubaho.
Muri jenosid eyakorewe abatutsi mu Rwanda mu 1994 dukwiye kwibuka ukuntu ibitero byakwiraga impande zose ku misozi kandi ko ku Gikongoro ari hamwe mu ho ubwicanyi bwahise butangira kare cyane,abatangabuhamya mwumvise barabibabwiye bihagije.
Isura yihariye ya jenoside yakorewe Abatutsi mu Rwanda
N’ubwo tutabona ikarita igaragaza ahantu hose hari bariyeri mu gihe cya jenoside ariko zari zuzuye ahantu hose mu Rwanda kiwme no muri Gikongoro. Bucyibaruta yatubwiye ko atari azi ko abantu bicirwaga kuri bariyeri ariko nyamara ku rundi ruhande akavuga ko yabaga afite impungenege z’uburyo umugore we yashoboraga kunyura kuri za bariyeri.
Ikindi mugomba kwibuka iyo tuvuga jenoside ni uburyo abatutsi bahurizwaga ahantu hamwe ari benshi, ibyo byatumye ababicanyi babageraho ku buryo bworoshye iyo ikaba imwe mu ntego za jenoside kurimbura abantu bose nta n’umwe urokotse. Mwibuke kandi ko jenoside yakorewe abatutsi mu Rwanda ifite umwihariko wo kuba abatutsi baricwaga n’abantu babazi neza kandi nabo inshuro nyinshi babaga bazi, iyo ni isura yihariye ya jenoside yakorewe abatutsi.
Avocat uhagarariye umuryango SURVIE niwe ukomeje, ati “Perefe Bucyibaruta yaranzwe no kubahiriza amabwiriza yose yagiye ahabwa na guverinoma. Guhuriza abantu benshi ahantu hamwe ni cyo cyatumye hicwa abatutsi benshi kandi mu gihe gito ibyo byose Laurent Bucyibaruta yabikoze abizi neza kandi zai icyari kigamijwe ni byo mu gifaransa twita ‘participation consciente’ . Ibyo bisanzwe mu buryo bukoreshwa n’abafite umugambi wo kurimbura icyiciro runaka cy’abantu. Ubundi buryo bukoreshwa kenshi ni ukuyobya abantu mu itangazamakuru hagakoreshwa imvugo runaka.
Urugero nabaha muri jenoside yakorewe abatutsi ni uburyo hakoreshejwe ijambo umwanzi aho FPR yitiriwe abatutsi bose maze abicanyi bakabica bumva barimo kurwanya umwanzi kandi ko kwica umwanzi nta cyaha uba ukora na gato.
Bucyibaruta yagiye mu nama ya guverinoma tariki 11 mata 94 ayivuyemo akoresha inama ba superefe na ba burugumestre abasubiriramo ayo mabwiriza, icyo tubona cyananditswe na Alison Des Forges Laurent, Bucyibaruta atigeze yitandukanya na gato n’umugambi w’abari bamukuriye, ntiyigeze aca ku ruhande rw’ayo mabwiriza yakomeje kumvira guverinoma ku mabwiriza yatangaga yose(il a été un fonctionnaire loyal ).
Ikindi nabibutsa ni ubutumwa Bucyibaruta yatanze atangaza icyiswe ihumure (campagne de pacification). Iki ni ikintu cyatumye n’abarokotse bari bakihishe hirya no hino bajya ahagaragara bakeka ko amahoro yabonetse koko ariko ntibyari byo na gato kuko bose bahise bicwa, nta humure ryigeze ritangwa.
Ndashaka kubabwira ko nta kintu cy’impanuka cyabaye mu bwicanyi bw’abatutsi , ibitero byagiye bitegurwa kandi bikayoborwa mu buryo bwizwe neza, iyo bitaba ibyo nta kuntu Murambi, Cyanika na Kaduha byose byari gutererwa rimwe ,uwo ni umugambi wa jenoside.
Ba nyakubahwa ndagirango mbabwire ko ubuhamya twumvise muri uru rubanza bugaragara neza ko Laurent Bucyibaruta yari azi neza ko abatutsi bicwa kandi ko hateguwe umugambi wo kubi ca, ikindi nababwira ni uko Bucyibaruta yari afite ubutegetsi, yari perefe kandi yakomeje kuba we kugera mu kwezi kwa karindwi 1994 tukibuka ko yatwibwiriye ko yahunze mu kwezi kwa karindwi jenoside irangiye. ikindi nabibutsa Bucyibaruta yiyemereye ni uko iruhande rw’aho yari atuye hari bariyeri ebyiri kandi usibye n’ahongaho ntabwo yigeze atubwira ko hari ubwo yaba yarigeze agira ingorane zo kunyura kuri za bariyeri , hose yaritambukiraga ntawe umuhangaritse kubera ko yari perefe. ikindi mwibuke ubuhamya twahawe na François Graner atubwira ko kimwe mu byatangaje abasirikare b’abafaransa bakigera mu Rwanda baje muri operation turquoise ni uburyo basanze inzego z’ubuyobozi zubakitse kandi zikorana neza(organisation administrative) nta kajagari gahari mu mikoranire y’inzego.
Nyuma y’imyaka 28, birashoboka ko uwarokotse jenoside atibuka neza 100% ibyamubayeho
Me Richard Gisagara: “Uzaba uwo kubara inkuru”, Nibyo abicanyi ba Kaduha babwiye Mutamuriza ubwo bamurekaga, akarokoka. Uyu ni wawundi wamaze igihe aba muri Toilette. Mutamuriza yakoze icyo yagombaga gukora, yatanze ubuhamya. Abayobozi, batangaga amategeko ku bicanyi ko bagomba kumaraho abatutsi, biri no mu butumwa bwa bucyibaruta du 29 Gicurasi.
Muzibuke ubuhamya bwa Mutamuliza n’abandi bose banyuze aha, babasaba ubutabera. Defense ikora uko ishoboye, igatuma mutagira imbaraga zo gutekereza Ko hari abagambo adahura, ubuhamya budahura ku batangabuhamya, ariko nyuma y’imyaka 28, murabizi ko bishoboka.
Ninde hano wavuga neza atibeshye ibintu byamubayeho mu myaka 28, ahunga abicanyi, bamaze kumwicira umuryango no gusambanya umubyeyi we? ni nde wakwibuka atibeshya nyuma y’imyaka 28 ibyamubayeho ubwo abicanyi bamukuraga umwana mu mugongo bakamwica? ariko Defence yirengagiza inshingano yo gutanga ubutabera, ikabyita ibinyoma.
Bucyibaruta na guverinoma bahunga, basize inyuma abantu miliyoni ari imirambo, batwara byose ntibasiga amabati y’iinzu zabo, bategeka n’ abantu kubakurikira. Muri urwo rwanda, niho nyuma hubatswe ubutabera kuko ibyaha nk’ibyo ntibyari kugenda bidahanwe hajyaho gacaca.
Ni ubutabera bwashyizweho mu kurwanya umuco wo kudahana no kwiyunga. Bucyibaruta niwe uvuga ko nta mbaraga yari agifite, nyamara yakuye umugore we w’umututsi n’umushoferi we i burasirazuba kugera ku gikongoro baca kuri bariyeri genoside irimbanije, abageza ku gikongoro.
Ariko ngo ntiyari azi ibibazo impunzi za kibeho zari zifite ngo nta bushobozi bwo kubikemura. Ati ‘jye nka prefet sinjye wari ushinzwe kuzana amazi! ni gute yavuga ko ubwicanyi nk’ubu ahantu hari communication, avuga ko ibintu byose byabaga byamutunguraga?
Iyo wumva ubuhamya wumva ko byose byateguwe nta kavuyo kabaye muri genoside. Abicanyi, bategerezaga abayobozi ko babaha uburenganzira bwo kwica, Norman wa defense, yavuze ko prefet yagiye kuvuza umwana we ku bitaro, abicanyi bakagirango aje kubaha uburenganzira bwo gutangira kwica. Abahamya benshi batubwiye ko nyuma yo kwica bashakishaga mu mirambo abo babuze bagakomeza kubahiga, yari gahunda ihawe umurongo.
Nubwo avuga ko yari ashyigikiye amasezerano ya kigeme, mwabonye ukuntu bimugora kuvuga ijambo “genoside yakorewe abatutsi”. hari n’abantu ikintu aba ‘VIP’ yahamagaye kumushinjira, nka habyarimana na ndindiriyimana, aho batemera iyo genoside. Niba bakibishidikanya, ubwo mwumva ari iki?
Ingaruka za genoside ziriho iteka, abamugaye ku mubiri no ku mutima, guhungabanya, hari n’abicuza kuba bararokotse.
Gusobanurira umwana impamvu atagira sekuru, se wabo nyina wabo. watekereza ute ku muntu utarigeze abona abe ngo abashyingure, nta photo, nta mwenda bibukiraho ababo, byari ugutsemba ku buryo nta cyo kubibuka gisigara, igisigaye ni ubutabera. Nimujya gufata umwanzuro, muzibuke Jean Claude Ndolimana wasabwe guhamba mushiki we ari muzima. Muzibuke Remy watemwe mu kiliziya, aho ababyeyi be n’abavandimwe be bose bishwe.
I Murambi, Abatutsi bishwe saa cyenda z’ijoro hagamijwe kubatsemba basinziriye…
Me Me Tapy ati “Bucyibaruta arabizi neza ko kwica abatutsi atari cyo cyatumye abatutsi bicwa, narabimubajije, yabishyize mu mpamvu za genoside ariko arabizi ko atari byo. Abatutsi bishwe gikongoro, ntaho bari bahuriye na FPR yari hiryaaa mu mutara. Nubwo abatutsi baba barishe habyara, ni gute uhita wica uruhinja ruri i Kaduha? We nka prefet, ntiyari akeneye kujya kuri bariyeri, kujya i murambi, yaratumaga
Ku bijyanye no gukusanya abatutsi i murambi, hari abantu benshi bagiye bibira ibanga bamwe mu bahutu bakababuza kujya i murambi, kuko bari bazi ko abahari bose bazicwa. Biratangaje kuba bucyibaruta, washyizeho iyo site atari abizi. Kuba barishwe saa cyenda z’ ijoro bwari ubundi buhanga bukomeye, nta handi byabaye mu rwanda, bucyibaruta yakoresheje ubwenge.
Ku bijyanye na bariyeri, ntibagashake gukinisha ubuzima bw’abantu, zari izo gutoranya abagombaga kwicwa n’abagomba gutambuka. Nta FPR yari ku gikongoro, ibyo ni ibyo ahimba mu kwiregura. Ikinyarwanda ni ururimi rufite amagambo agoye. Sindikubwabo avuga ati mwumve ibyo mbabwira neza, kandi mumenye impamvu mbivuze uku simbivuge kuriya, umwanzi turwana nawe ni inkotanyi. bivuze kwica abatutsi.
Umuntu watinyaga kwicwa ku gikongoro ntiyagendaga n’amaguru mu muhanda, ntiyafataga imodoka ngo ave mu mujyi agere i kibeho, aca kuri bariyeri bafungura.
Nimujya gufata icyemezo, muzatekereze ku bana, ku hazaza, iyo abana baza kuvuka nyuma bafite umutima nk uwo babateragamo, genoside yari kongera ikaba.
Me Karongozi ati ‘Ni gute umuntu wari ufite ubwoba yavuye i Gikongoro akajya i Kibeho ahantu umuntu agenda isaha irenga, akahagenda anyura kuri za bariyeri nta mujandarume umuherekeje? Niba bariyeri zitari zigamije gutangira abatutsi no kubica ni gute abantu bafite ubuhiri n’imihoro bari guhagarika FPR yari ifite imbunda?”
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