Yanditswe na Rose Mukagahizi
Nyuma y’imyaka 32 u Rwanda rwibohoye, umugore w’Umunyarwandakazi agaragaza intambwe igaragara mu burenganzira n’agaciro yaherewe, nubwo hakiri imbogamizi mu bukungu no mu nzego zimwe na zimwe zifata ibyemezo.
Umuyobozi w’Inama y’Igihugu y’Abagore ku rwego rw’Igihugu, Nyirajyambere Belancille, avuga ko uyu munsi umaze imyaka 100 wizihizwa. Watangiye ahagana mu mwaka wa 1908 mu bihugu byo muri Aziya n’Uburayi, aho abagore bakoze urugendo basaba ko uburenganzira bwabo bwubahirizwa kimwe n’ubw’abagabo. Nyuma yaho, uyu munsi waje kwemezwa n’Umuryango w’Abibumbye mu mwaka wa 1975.
Nyirajyambere avuga ko, nyuma y’imyaka 32 ishize u Rwanda rwibohoye, iterambere ry’umugore rifite umwihariko. Yagize ati:
“Uyu ni umunsi mwiza ugira icyo utwibutsa, kuko u Rwanda rumaze imyaka 32 rwibohoye. Nk’abagore natwe turashima, ndetse tugashima n’abatubohoye. Ibyo umugore ntajya abyibagirwa, kuko iyo ugarutse ku kwibohora, muri byinshi umugore yasubijwe agaciro. Bityo rero, ni umwanya wo kuzirikana uruhare rw’abagore n’abakobwa mu iterambere ry’igihugu, mu bukungu, mu mibereho myiza, mu miyoborere myiza no mu butabera, ndetse no gukomeza gufatanya ingamba zo kubongerera ubushobozi no gukuraho imbogamizi bagihura na zo.”
Avuga ko muri uyu mwaka, ku rwego rw’isi, Umunsi Mpuzamahanga w’Umugore uzizihizwa hagamijwe kuzirikana insanganyamatsiko igira iti: “Uburenganzira, ubutabera n’ibikorwa.” Mu Rwanda ho, insanganyamatsiko ni: “Umugore ni uw’agaciro.” Ibi bivuze ko Umunyarwandakazi wese afite agaciro kandi ashoboye.
Umugore ahagaze neza mu burenganzira
Ku birebana n’ubutabera, Nyirajyambere avuga ko mu Rwanda umugore ahagaze neza, kuko yahawe uburenganzira bungana n’ubw’umugabo imbere y’amategeko. Ibi bigaragarira mu mashuri, mu bukungu no mu nzego zifata ibyemezo, nubwo abagore bakiri bake muri zimwe muri zo.
Yagize ati:
“Umugore wo mu Rwanda nta kintu ahezwamo. Ashobora kwiga, gukora, gucuruza no gukora ibindi byose. Mu gihe kera si ko byari bimeze, kuko amateka yazitiraga umugore.”
Nyuma y’imyaka 32 igihugu kibohowe, umugore yasubijwe agaciro, yigishwa gukora kandi ahabwa uburenganzira bungana n’ubw’umugabo. Ntiyaheranwa n’amateka, ahubwo ashobora guhaguruka agafatanya n’abandi kubaka no guteza imbere igihugu.
Nubwo bimeze bityo, urugendo ruracyakomeje. Kugeza ubu, 78% by’abagore bashoboye gukora bari mu mirimo itandukanye, ariko abenshi bakaba bakiri mu buhinzi buciriritse budatanga umusaruro uhagije ngo usagurire amasoko. Hari kandi abakoresha ikoranabuhanga, ariko bataramenya neza uko ryababyarira inyungu.
Nanone kandi, nubwo abagore bagaragara mu nzego zifata ibyemezo, baracyari bake. Ni yo mpamvu basabwa gukomeza gutinyuka no guharanira kugera no mu myanya yiyamamarizwa. Urugero, mu nzego z’ibanze, abagore bari mu buyobozi bw’uturere bageze kuri 28%, naho 15% gusa bakaba ari abayobozi b’uturere bungirije bashinzwe iterambere ry’ubukungu, umubare ukiri hasi cyane.
