Ubushakashatsi bwagutse buravuga ko hari ifunguro ryihariye rishobora kukurinda cyane ikibazo cya ‘dementia’ (ibibazo mu gutekereza neza, kwibuka no gufata imyanzuro). BBC Food yavuganye n’inzobere mu kureba uko bishoboka.
Ku isi, umubare w’abagira ibibazo bya démence/dementia byitezwe ko uzikuba hafi gatatu ukava kuri miliyoni 57 mu 2019 ukagera kuri miliyoni 153 mu 2050, bigendnaye n’ukwiyongera hamwe n’imyaka y’abatuye isi.
Nta muti ubaho ku ndwara nyinshi z’ubwonko zivamo dementia. Gusa ubushakashatsi bushya bwagutse kurusha ubundi bwakozwe mbere buvuga ko hari indyo ishobora kurinda abantu iki kibazo.
Dr Oliver Shannon ukuriye abanditse raporo y’ibyo babonye, yabwiye BBC Food ati: “Twabonye ko abantu bafata ifunguro riri hafi cyangwa risa n’ibigize ‘Mediterranean diet’ bagize ibyago bicye cyane byo kugira dementia”.
Uyu mwalimu ku bijyanye n’imirire no gukura mu myaka wo muri Newcastle University yongeraho ati: “Muri rusange, abantu bafata ku rugero rwo hejuru (ugereranyije n’uruto) Mediterranean diet, ibyago byo kugira dementia biri munsi ku gipimo cya 23%”.
Yewe n’abantu bafite ibyago byinshi byo kugira iyi ndwara kubera ihererekanywa rikomoka ku muryango bashobora kungukira mu kurindwa na ririya funguro kuri kiriya gipimo, nk’uko ubu bushakashatsi bwabibonye.
Mediterranean diet ni iki mu by’ukuri?
Muri rusange, ni ifunguro rigizwe cyane cyane n’imbuto, imboga, imboga rwatsi, ibinyamisogwe, amafi, hamwe n’ibinyamavuta nk’ubunyobwa (ikaranga), n’amavuta ya olive. Birimo kandi igipimo gito cy’ibikomoka ku matungo, nka fromage/cheese, hamwe n’inyama nkeya.
Mu by’ukuri hari ibisobanuro byinshi bya Mediterranean diet, bigenda bitandukanaho gato. Bityo kugira ngo ubu bushakashatsi butibeshya, abahanga bakoresheje ibipimo n’uburyo butandukanye bw’iyi ndyo.
Shannon avuga ko ibyo bagezeho byerekana ko ibi biribwa bitanga amahirwe akomeye mu kurwanya dementia:
- Amavuta ya Olive nk’ay’ibanze yo gutekesha
- Nibura 400g z’imboga ku munsi (ziriwe 5 x 80g), nibura kandi 200g byazo ziriwe mbisi cyangwa nka salad
- Nibura 240g z’imbuto ku munsi (zifashwe 3 x 80g), harimo kutarenza 100ml z’umutobe kamere w’imbuto
- Inyama zitukura zitarenze 150g ku munsi
- Kutarenza 12g z’amavuta nka margarine
- Ikirahure kimwe (125ml) cy’umuvinyu ku munsi
- Nibura kurya imboga gatatu (3 x 150g) mu cyumweru
- Nibura kurya ifi gatatu mu cyumweru (3 x 100-150g)
- Kutarenza inshuro eshatu mu cyumweru urya gâteau/cake, ibisuguti, n’imigati
- Kurya nibura gatatu (3 x 30g) mu cyumweru
- Kurya ibikomoka kubiguruka kurusha inyama zitukura
- Kurya nibura kabiri mu cyumweru ibiriho isosi/isupu itekesheje itomati/inyanya, ibitunguru, tungurusumu n’amavuta ya olive
Nta kiryo ubwacyo cyonyine kigabanya ibyago bya dementia, nk’uko Shannon abivuga. Ahubwo, bibasha gukora iyo bifatiwe hamwe.
Ati: “Ibyagezweho byerekana ko aya mafunguro ari ingenzi buri rimwe ukwaryo. Uruvange rwayo ni rwo ruzana amahirwe menshi.”
Ni gute iyi ndyo irinda dementia?
Prof David Llewellyn wo mu ishuri ry’ubuvuzi ryo kuri University of Exeter avuga ko ubu bushakashatsi ari bumwe mu bundi nabwo buhuza indyo n’icyo ikora kuri dementia.
Mu gihe abashakatsi batumva mu buryo bwuzuye impamvu aya mafunguro agira akamaro ku buzima bw’ubwonko, hari icyo bahurizaho kiduha amakuru amwe n’amwe.
Prof David ati: “Izi ndyo zose zikungahaye mu mbuto n’imboga n’ibinyamavuta meza ku muntu. Biri hasi kandi mu biryo bitunganyijwe n’inganda, inyama zitukura, n’ibinyamavuta atari meza.”
Bisanzwe bizwi ko indwara zimwe za karande nk’umutima cyangwa diyabete (diabetes) y’ubwoko bwa kabiri, zongera ibyago byo kugira na dementia. Ingingo imwe ni uko kuko Mediterranean diet igabanya ibyago byo kurwara ziriya ndwara, bityo inagabanya ibyago byo kurwara dementia, nk’uko Shannon abivuga.
Ubundi bushakashatsi butandukanye buvuga ko iriya ndyo bimwe mu biyigize birinda kwangirika kw’uturemangingo, bityo ubwonko bukabyungukiramo by’umwihariko.
Shannon ati: “Hari ubushakashatsi bumwe buvuga ko kurya Mediterranean diet bishobora gufasha gusaza kw’ubwonko uko imyaka igenda ishira.”
Biroroshye gukurikiza no kubona Mediterranean diet?
Gukurikiza iyi ndyo birakunzwe cyane kuko irimo ibiribwa byinshi abantu benshi bakunda.
Bamwe ariko bavuga ko bigoye kurya iyi ndyo buri gihe kuko kenshi muri iki gihe batabona umwanya wo guteka bahereye ku biribwa bidahiye.
Abandi bagaragaza impungenge z’ubushobozi bwo kugura bimwe mu bigize bene iyi ndyo bihenze ku masoko atandukanye.
Gusa Shannon avuga ko abantu bagomba guhitamo hagati y’amagara meza n’akaga ku buzima bwabo. Kandi ko guhitamo neza kwatuma umuntu agerageza kubona indyo ikwiriye umubiri we.
Abahanga bavuga ko atari ngombwa buri gihe kubona ariya mafunguro yose nk’uko yatondekanyijwe, ariko ko ari byiza kubona amwe muri yo ku ifunguro ryose dufata.
@BBC
