Afurika muri rusange na Burkina Faso by’umwihariko, kuwa kane bibutse Thomas Sankara, ariko nyuma y’imyaka 33 ikibazo nyamukuru kikibazwa ni “Ni inde wamwishe?”
Uyu ufatwa nk’uwazanye impinduramatwara mu gihugu cye, yishwe ari kuwa kane tariki 15/10/1987 muri coup d’etat. Kuva uwo munsi, umuryango we uhora usaba ko ukuri kumenyekana.
Ariko urugamba rw’amategeko rwabaye rurerure kuko imbaraga za politiki zabaye nyinshi n’amayobera atandukanye muri iyo dosiye.
BBC yatangaje ibintu bitanu byagufasha kumva dosiye ya Thomas Sankara n’uko ibintu byagiye bihinduka kugeza ubu ubwo umuryango we ufite “inkuru nziza”.
1 – Urupfu rwagizwe kirazira
Kapiteni Sankara yari afite imvugo y’ukuri kweruye iryana mu matwi y’abari baragundiriye ubutegetsi muri Afurika nyuma y’ubwigenge, kugera no ku bategetsi b’ibihugu byahoze bikoroniza Africa.
Yishwe amaze imyaka ine ku butegetsi ari kumwe na 12 mu bakoranaga nawe bari mu nama idasanzwe y’abaminisitiri, gusa amaso ntiyahise yerekezwa ku nshuti ye yahise inamusimbura Blaise Compaoré.
Benshi babibonye nk’igikorwa cyateguriwe hanze ya Burkina Faso, ariko byahise bihinduka ‘kirazira kubivugaho’ mu myaka myinshi y’ubutegetsi bwa Compaoré.
Muri icyo gihe iperereza ku rupfu rwe ryashyinguwe mu kabati, nta n’urubanza rwigeze rubaho ku byabaye kuri iyo ntwari ya Africa n’abo bari kumwe.
2 – Kongera gufungura dosiye
1987-1997: Dosiye ya Sankara yari imaze imyaka 10 – amategeko yateganyaga ko icyo gihe iba itacyakiriwe mu rukiko.
Kugira ngo agumane icyireze no gukomeza urugamba rwe, mu kwezi kwa cyenda 1997, Mariam, umupfakazi wa Sankara, yahise atanga ikirego arega ubwicanyi umuntu witwa X.
Iki kirego ntikigeze gikurikiranwa kuko mu myaka 27 y’ubutegetsi bwa Blaise Compaoré urupfu rw’uwari inshuti ye Thomas Sankara rwari ikintu kitavugwaho.
Ariko ibintu byahindutse vuba cyane mu 2014 ubwo Compaoré (ubu uba muri Côte d’Ivoire) yahirikwaga ku butegetsi n’imyigaragambyo ya rubanda.
Hashize amezi atanu Compaoré ahiritswe, mu kwa gatatu 2015, nibwo cya kirego cyongeye kwakirwa, dosiye yongera gufungurwa ariko nubwo nta perereza ryari ryakozwe nta n’umuntu uregwa.
Abanyamategeko basabye ko imibiri bikekwa ko ari iya Sankara na bagenzi be itabururwa, hagakorwa isuzuma rya ADN/DNA.
Imiryango ye yakemanze ibisubizo byatanzwe n’ibizamini byakorewe mu Bufaransa no muri Espagne; mu 2017 basabye irindi suzuma.
Naryo ryakozwe ku bikekwa ko ari ibisigazwa by’umubiri wa Thomas Sankara, ariko byerekana ko “nta kimenyetso gihuza” cyabonetse kuri iyi mibiri aho byakekwaga ko bahambwe.
3 – Ni inde ukekwa n’ubutabera?
“Ni inde wishe Thomas Sankara?” nicyo kikiri ikibazo nyamukuru. Gusa iki kirego kirimo amayobera ku buryo abakekwa batabura.
Kuva kuri Blaise Compaoré, abanya-Libiya, abanya-Cote d’ivoire, n’Abafaransa…
Gusa, ubucamanza muri Burkina Faso bwo hari amazina buvuga. Ku butegetsi bwa perezida Roch Christian Kaboré, dosiye ya Sankara iri kwihuta.
Imyaka 33 nyuma, amazina y’abantu bagera kuri 12 yaravuzwe kandi bakurikiranweho ubwo bwicanyi.
Mu bashinjwa, harimo adjudant-chef Hyacinthe Kafando, umwe mu bahoze barinda Thomas Sankara, harimo na jenerali Gilbert Diendéré.
Nubwo ibi bizanamo ubucamanza bwa gisirikare ubu biboneka ko bitazongera gufunga iyi dosiye.
4 – Amaherezo igiye mu rubanza
Dosiye y’iyicwa rya Sankara yavuye mu iperereza ry’ibanze yohererezwa urukiko ngo rurebe niba yajya mu rubanza.
Itangazo rigenewe abanyamakuru ry’urugaga rw’abavoka n’abahagarariye Kapiteni Sankara rivuga ko abantu 25 bagiye kugezwa imbere y’ubucamanza.
“Blaise Compaoré bise Jubal, Hyacinthe Kafando, Gilbert Dienderé, Gabriel Tamini, Diébré Alidou n’abandi 20 bose bararegwa ibyaha birimo guhungabanya ubusugire bw’igihugu, ubwicanyi, guhisha imirambo… cyangwa ubufatanyacyaha.” ni bimwe mu biri mu itangazo.
“Ni inkuru nziza”, nk’uko Maitre Prosper Farma umwe mu bunganira umuryango wa Sankara yabwiye BBC Afrique.
Ati: “Twari tumaze imyaka dutegereje ko iyi dosiye igezwa mu rukiko kuko ubutegetsi bwa Blaise Compaoré bwari bwarimye umuryango we amakuru kuri iyi dosiye”.
“Ni intambwe ikomeye.” – Me Prosper Farma
5 – Na kure y’imipaka ya Burkina
Muri iki kirego cya Sankara, amaso kandi arareba i Paris. Bisabwe n’abo mu muryango we, mu 2017 umudepite w’Ubufaransa yandikiye Perezida François Hollande.
Yasabaga ko hatangazwa inyandiko zishobora gutanga amakuru afatika ku iyicwa ry’uwahoze ari perezida wa Burkina Faso.
Emmanuel Macron ageze ku butegetsi yakomerejeho. Yizeza ko inyandiko zose Ubufaransa bufite zirebana n’ubwo bwicanyi “zishyirwa ku karubanda”.
Icyo cyemezo cyari kigamije kuvanaho urwicyekwe ruvugwa kuri politiki y’Ubufaransa kuri Afurika izwi nka ‘Françafrique’, kimwe no kwemera gutangaza inyandiko zirebana na jenoside ku batutsi mu Rwanda mu 1994 byakozwe na François Hollande.
Ariko ubwo bufatanye bwa leta kuri leta n’ubucamanza bw’ibihugu byombi kugeza ubu ntabwo buragira icyo butanga.
Ikindi gihato kirimo ni Blaise Compaoré. Ese azagezwa imbere y’umucamanza? Si ibintu byoroshye gutyo…
Ubu yagizwe umuturage wa Côte d’Ivoire, kumwoherereza Burkina Faso bishobora kuba urugamba rurerure rw’amategeko na politiki kuko Côte d’Ivoire ifite politiki yo kutoherereza amahanga abaturage bayo.
